🇮🇪Ireland

Ireland lies between 51°25′ and 55°23′N as an island nation in the North Atlantic west of Britain, covering roughly 70,273 km² for the Republic only, excluding Northern Ireland which falls under GB coverage. The terrain consists of a low rolling central plain ringed by coastal mountains including MacGillycuddy's Reeks in Kerry, where Carrauntoohil rises to 1,041 m as the country's highest peak, the Wicklow Mountains east of Dublin, the Mournes in Northern Ireland, and the wild rugged coast of Donegal.

The climate is overwhelmingly oceanic Cfb thanks to the moderating North Atlantic Drift, delivering cool wet winters, mild cloudy summers, very high humidity, persistent low cloud and frequent rainfall throughout the year, with a strong west-to-east gradient making the Atlantic coast far wetter than the interior.

Dublin averages 5°C in January and 16°C in July with 760 mm of rainfall distributed evenly through the year. Cork on the south coast registers 7°C in January and 16°C in July with 1,210 mm, Galway on the wet Atlantic coast 6°C in January and 15°C in July with 1,260 mm, Valentia in Kerry 7°C and 15°C with 1,440 mm and severe Atlantic gales among Ireland's stormiest locations, and Belmullet on the northwest Mayo coast 6°C and 14°C with 1,170 mm and ferocious winter Atlantic windstorms.

Ireland has recorded temperature extremes including −19.1°C at Markree Castle (January 1881), 33.3°C at Kilkenny Castle (June 1887), and a modern record of 33.0°C at Phoenix Park (18 July 2022). Major weather events include Hurricane Debbie (1961), Storm Ophelia (October 2017, an ex-hurricane), Storm Emma and the Beast from the East cold snap (March 2018), and a notable summer drought in 2018. Driven by Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation variability, winter storm intensity has increased, coastal flooding has intensified, and peatland degradation has accelerated.

Our archive covers 0 Irish cities with daily ERA5 reanalysis data going back to 1940.