🇦🇹Austria

Austria is a landlocked central European nation spanning 46–49°N, with approximately 63% of its territory covered by the Alps. The country exhibits three distinct climate regimes: Alpine in the west and south (including peaks up to 3,798 m at Großglockner), Pannonian/Continental in the east (Vienna basin, Burgenland), and Atlantic-influenced humid zones in the northern Alpine foothills and Danube valley.

Vienna records January lows around −1°C and July highs near 26°C. Klagenfurt and other southern valleys experience winter inversions producing temperatures below −10°C, while high Alpine zones above 2,500 m stay below freezing for most of the year, with meteorological stations like Sonnblick at 3,106 m.

Annual precipitation ranges from under 600 mm in the Pannonian east (Weinviertel, Vienna Basin) to around 2,000 mm along the northern Alpine rim (Bregenzerwald, Northern Limestone Alps). The föhn, a warm southerly wind, periodically raises temperatures rapidly, cold, dry continental air affects the east in winter, and summer convective storms strike the pre-Alpine regions with notable intensity.

Our archive covers 11 Austrian cities with daily ERA5 reanalysis data going back to 1940. The hottest July afternoons are in Floridsdorf, with average highs around 25.9°C, while Graz has the coldest January nights, with average lows near −5.2°C. Comparing the last decade against the 1940–1970 baseline, mean temperatures across these cities have risen by about 2.4°C.