London weather by month — averages, rainfall & climate trends
Sprawling along the Thames, London has a temperate maritime climate famous for grey skies and showers — cool, cloudy winters with little lasting snow, mild summers, and rain spread gently across the year. Average temperatures and rainfall by month, a climate graph, today's conditions versus the long-term average, and how the climate has shifted since 1940 — all on one page for London, United Kingdom.
Today vs average
+0.2°Cabout average
How it’s changed
Right now
What it's doing today vs the historical average for this date.
Right now
18.0°
22°14°25°14°26°15°
26°18°27°17°28°18°27°19°On this date — July 19
About average
- Record high: 37.6° · 2022
- Record low: 9.0° · 1981
- One year ago: 22.3°
Every July 19 in history — coldest to hottest
Dots show daily highs (top) and lows (bottom) for each July 19 on record (n = 87). Outlined dots are today's forecast.
Area we sample
Each city's history comes from one ERA5 grid cell — about 28 km across, shown by the dashed box. Near mountains or coasts, conditions can vary across the cell.
Location & data
Historical weather for London is sampled from the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis at 51.51°N, 0.13°W, with daily records since 1940.
- Coordinates
- 51.51°N, 0.13°W
- Time zone
- Europe/London
- Period
- 1940–2026
- Data source
- ERA5 (ECMWF)
Last 30 days
30 of the last 31 days were warmer than the historical average for that date. Average difference: +5.5°C.
Each bar is one day, from morning low to afternoon high. Warm-colored bars are days whose mean ran above average; cool bars ran below. The dot inside the bar is the daily mean. The shaded band is the typical 10–90% range expected for that date. Average = the day's mean temperature averaged across every year of record (1940–2026) for that calendar date.
This date over the years
One dot per year — the mean temperature on this calendar date. Dots are warmer or cooler than the long-term average (dashed line); the shaded band is the typical 10–90% range, and the highlighted dot is today's forecast. Based on ERA5 reanalysis — modelled estimates, not station readings.
Weather by month
Average temperatures and rainfall for each month — what a typical year looks like, from the full record.Climate overview
London sits in the valley of the Thames in southeast England, with a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Winters are cool and frequently cloudy with rain showers and only occasional snow, summers are mild, and precipitation is fairly evenly distributed through the year rather than concentrated in any one season. The vast built-up area creates a marked urban heat island, with the low-lying centre running warmer than the higher, greener edges of the city.
Extreme heat has become the city's most striking climate signal: on 19 July 2022 London passed 40 °C for the first time in records, a level reached simultaneously at Heathrow and central St James's Park. Snow still falls on a modest number of days each winter but rarely lingers, and the coldest readings on record date back to December 1981.
The warmest month is July, with a daily mean around 17.3°C and typical afternoon highs of 21.2°C. In a typical recent year, around 20 days reach 25°C or more. In January, daily means drop to roughly 4.5°C, with nights dipping to 2.1°C.
The yearly total for London comes to about 659 mm; monthly amounts range from 47 mm in February up to 60 mm in November.
Over the full record (since 1940), the annual mean temperature in London has risen by 1.4°C between its first decade and its last. Where the first decade averaged 45 frost days a year, the recent one saw about 20.
Climate graph (climograph)
July is the warmest month, January the coolest — a yearly swing of 13°C. Wettest month: November (~60 mm). Whole year averages ~659 mm of rain.
Bars = average monthly rainfall (right axis). Lines = average daily high and low (left axis). Average = each month's value averaged across every year of record (1940–2026).
Monthly wind
Average daily peak wind at 10 m, by month.
Monthly solar energy
Average daily incoming solar energy in megajoules per square metre — a measured proxy for how sunny the month is.
London month by month — what to expect
Typical conditions for each month, averaged across the full record (since 1940). Daylight is the time from sunrise to sunset. Record high/low are the most extreme values in the ERA5 dataset (modelled since 1940), so they can differ from official weather-station readings.
| Month | Avg high | Avg low | Rain | Daylight | Record high | Record low |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6.7° | 2.1° | 57 mm | 8.1 h | 14.4° (2015) | -12.0° (1963) |
| February | 7.2° | 2.1° | 47 mm | 9.7 h | 18.4° (2019) | -15.4° (1986) |
| March | 9.8° | 3.4° | 50 mm | 11.5 h | 22.1° (2021) | -13.4° (1947) |
| April | 12.7° | 5.2° | 51 mm | 13.6 h | 26.7° (2018) | -2.6° (1968) |
| May | 16.1° | 8.2° | 59 mm | 15.4 h | 29.5° (1944) | -0.5° (1945) |
| June | 19.3° | 11.2° | 56 mm | 16.4 h | 32.3° (1947) | 2.7° (1962) |
| July | 21.2° | 13.3° | 56 mm | 16.0 h | 37.6° (2022) | 6.8° (1965) |
| August | 20.9° | 13.1° | 58 mm | 14.4 h | 34.4° (1990) | 6.2° (1974) |
| September | 18.3° | 11.0° | 51 mm | 12.4 h | 30.8° (2023) | 2.9° (1948) |
| October | 14.5° | 8.3° | 58 mm | 10.4 h | 27.6° (2011) | -1.8° (1997) |
| November | 10.0° | 4.9° | 60 mm | 8.5 h | 17.4° (2005) | -4.6° (2010) |
| December | 7.6° | 3.1° | 56 mm | 7.6 h | 15.2° (2015) | -12.9° (1981) |
How it has changed
Year-by-year signals from 1940 to today.Climate stripes
Annual mean shifted from 1940–1949 to 2016–2025 by +1.4°C.
Each vertical stripe is one year. Color encodes how much that year's annual mean differed from the long-term average. Average = each year's annual mean compared to the average of all years (1940–2026). cooler ← → warmer
Annual mean temperature
Long-term trend: +0.21°C per decade.
One point per year — the temperature averaged across the whole year. The dashed line is the least-squares long-term trend. Based on ERA5 reanalysis — modelled estimates, not station readings.
Seasonal warming
Dec–Feb is warming fastest: +0.29°C per decade.
Each faint line is one three-month period's average per year; the bold dashed line is its long-term trend. Different parts of the year often warm at different rates. Based on ERA5 reanalysis — modelled estimates, not station readings.
Hot days vs frost days
Days ≥ 25°C per year: 13.7 early in the record → 20.0 recently. Frost days: 46 → 22.
Thin lines are raw yearly counts; thick lines are the smoothed trend that removes year-to-year noise. The hot-day threshold is auto-picked per city so the line actually moves. Average = a centered 5-year rolling average to smooth weather noise.
Yearly hot & cold extremes
All-time high in 2022, all-time low in 1986: 37.6°C / -15.4°C.
One point per year — the single hottest and coldest day recorded that year.
Annual rainfall
~659 mm/year on average. Last decade ran +11% vs that average. Long-term trend: +25 mm per decade.
One bar per year of total rainfall. Dashed line is the long-term average. Average = the average annual rainfall across every year of record (1940–2026).
Day-by-day grid
Each tiny square is one calendar day across the full record — ~30,000 days per city. Use the mode switch above the chart: Anomaly colors each day by how far it ran from the historical average for that date (red = warmer, blue = cooler), Daily mean temp shows the absolute mean temperature for the day (useful to see seasons and heatwaves), and Precipitation shows daily rainfall (useful to spot wet/dry seasons and droughts). Average = the long-term average for that calendar date (1940–2026).