🇭🇳Honduras

Honduras is a Central American country of approximately 112,492 km² with a long Caribbean coast and a short Pacific coast on the Gulf of Fonseca. The terrain is dominated by the complex mountainous interior of the Cordillera Centroamericana, rising to Cerro Las Minas at 2,870 m, alongside the Mosquitia rainforest lowlands in the northeast, the populated central highland basins including Tegucigalpa at 990 m and Comayagua, the fertile Sula valley in the north, and the offshore Bay Islands of Roatán, Utila, and Guanaja.

The climate spans tropical monsoon Am on the wet Caribbean coast, humid tropical climates in the Mosquitia, tropical savanna Aw in the Pacific lowlands and the central dry corridor, and cooler highland climates in the higher mountain basins.

Tegucigalpa at 990 m sees January highs of 27°C with nights of 14°C and May highs of 31°C with nights of 18°C, with 800 to 1,000 mm rainfall, featuring a pronounced dry season from November to April known locally as verano, a wet season from May to October called invierno, and the canícula mid-summer dry spell. San Pedro Sula in the Sula valley reaches January highs of 29°C and May highs of 35°C, with nights of 20–24°C, and 1,140 mm annual rainfall.

La Ceiba on the wet Caribbean coast is warm year-round and among the wettest cities in Central America, with rain in every month. Roatán in the Bay Islands stays warm year-round. Choluteca on the dry Pacific coast sees highs of 33–38°C and nights of 23–25°C with 1,800 mm in the dry corridor known as the corredor seco.

Major climate events include severe Hurricane Mitch in October 1998 that caused approximately 7,000 deaths in Honduras alone, making it the deadliest Atlantic hurricane in modern times, the back-to-back devastation of Hurricane Eta and Iota in November 2020, recurrent severe canícula droughts in the dry corridor causing chronic food insecurity, and severe Caribbean coral bleaching episodes at the Bay Islands.

Our archive covers 5 Honduran cities with daily ERA5 reanalysis data going back to 1940. The hottest July afternoons are in Choloma, with average highs around 31.1°C, while Tegucigalpa has the coldest January nights, with average lows near 16.6°C. Comparing the last decade against the 1940–1970 baseline, mean temperatures across these cities have risen by about 1.8°C.