🇨🇿Czech Republic

Lying between 48°33′ and 51°03′N in landlocked Central Europe, Czechia is encircled by border mountains—the Bohemian Forest, or Šumava, on the southwest; the Ore Mountains, Krušné hory, and Sudetes on the north; the Carpathian foothills, Beskydy, on the east—surrounding the rolling Bohemian basins near 300–500 m and the Moravian lowlands. The highest peak is Sněžka in the Giant Mountains, Krkonoše, at 1,603 m.

The climate is uniformly humid continental Dfb across most of the country, with warmer Cfb in the southern lowlands of Moravia around Břeclav and Hodonín, and cooler subarctic Dfc above approximately 1,200 m on the highest border ranges. A modest oceanic-to-continental gradient runs west to east.

Prague averages −1°C in January and 19°C in July with 525 mm of rain peaking in summer convective storms from June through August. Brno in southern Moravia is slightly milder and drier at 550 mm. Ostrava on the Polish border sees humid conditions with 600 mm. Ústí nad Labem in the warm Elbe valley occasionally records summer maxima of 38–40°C. Karlovy Vary at 380 m has cooler springs.

Sněžka at 1,603 m sees a subzero annual mean and more than 1,200 mm of precipitation with substantial winter snow. Westerlies bring Atlantic depressions while high-pressure blocking produces cold spells that reached −25°C during the 1985 winter and an all-time record of −42.2°C at Litvínovice in 1929, as well as severe heatwaves that climbed to 40.4°C at Dobřichovice in 2012 and 41.0°C at Praha-Uhříněves in 2024. Major events include the August 2002 floods along the Vltava and Elbe, the 2013 floods, the 2021 Hodonín tornado rated F4, and the 2022 drought.

Our archive covers 0 Czech cities with daily ERA5 reanalysis data going back to 1940.