Azerbaijan
7 cities
Climate overview
Azerbaijan (38–42°N) sits in the South Caucasus between the Caspian Sea to the east, the Greater Caucasus range to the north (Bazardüzü 4,466 m), and the Lesser Caucasus and Talysh Mountains to the west and southeast. The central Kura-Aras lowland occupies much of the interior. Nine of the world's eleven Köppen climate types occur within the country's borders (a remarkable diversity for an area of 86,600 km²), ranging from semi-desert and dry steppe (BSk, BWk) across the lowlands to humid subtropical (Cfa) along the Lankaran coast and alpine tundra above 2,700 m.
The Kura-Aras lowland has a dry subtropical climate with mild winters and very hot summers. Annual precipitation is low. The Lankaran lowlands receive 1,600–1,800 mm, the country's wettest zone, with mild winters and warm, humid conditions.
The Absheron Peninsula (including Baku) is semi-arid with roughly 200–350 mm and is swept by the cold northerly Khazri wind and warm southerly Gilavar. On the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus between 1,500 and 2,700 m the climate is cold with heavy precipitation year-round, and in places above 2,700 m snow does not melt until the following winter. Temperature extremes span from −33°C to +46°C in the Nakhchivan exclave.
Our archive covers 7 Azerbaijani cities with daily ERA5 reanalysis data going back to 1940. The hottest July afternoons are in Yevlakh, with average highs around 34.3°C, while Tovuz has the coldest January nights, with average lows near −1.9°C. Comparing the last decade against the 1940–1970 baseline, mean temperatures across these cities have risen by about 1.6°C.
How the climate has shifted in Azerbaijan
Average across 7 cities with full ERA5 coverage: 1940–1970 baseline vs the last decade (2016–2025).
- Annual mean temperature
- 14.5°C→16.1°C
- Days above 30°C per year
- 38 days→59 days+21
- Frost days per year
- 33 days→18 days−15
- Tropical nights (≥20°C) per year
- 69 nights→88 nights+19
Warmest year in the record so far: 2010.
What's unusual right now
From a snapshot of the world's largest cities updated each hour. Today's mean temperature compared with each city's long-term average for the same calendar date (ERA5 climatology, 1940 onward). Last 30 days uses each city's rolling daily-mean vs its monthly average. Not a global ranking.
Warmer than usual